vdir(1) — Linux manual pages

Linux manual pages	Section 1

DESCRIPTION

List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of −cftuvSUX nor −−sort is specified.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

−a, −−all

do not ignore entries starting with .

−A, −−almost−all

do not list implied . and ..

−−author

with −l, print the author of each file

−b, −−escape

print C−style escapes for nongraphic characters

−−block−size=SIZE/

with −l, scale sizes by SIZE when printing them; e.g., '−−block−size=M'; see SIZE format below

−B, −−ignore−backups

do not list implied entries ending with ~

−c

with −lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information); with −l: show ctime and sort by name; otherwise: sort by ctime, newest first

−C

list entries by columns

−−color[=WHEN/]

colorize the output; WHEN can be 'always' (default if omitted), 'auto', or 'never'; more info below

−d, −−directory

list directories themselves, not their contents

−D, −−dired

generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode

−f

do not sort, enable −aU, disable −ls −−color

−F, −−classify

append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries

−−file−type

likewise, except do not append '*'

−−format=WORD/

across −x, commas −m, horizontal −x, long −l, single−column −1, verbose −l, vertical −C

−−full−time

like −l −−time−style=full−iso/

−g

like −l, but do not list owner

−−group−directories−first

group directories before files;

can be augmented with a −−sort option, but any use of −−sort=none/ (−U) disables grouping

−G, −−no−group

in a long listing, don't print group names

−h, −−human−readable

with −l and −s, print sizes like 1K 234M 2G etc.

−−si

likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024

−H, −−dereference−command−line

follow symbolic links listed on the command line

−−dereference−command−line−symlink−to−dir

follow each command line symbolic link

that points to a directory

−−hide=PATTERN/

do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN (overridden by −a or −A)

−−hyperlink[=WHEN/]

hyperlink file names; WHEN can be 'always' (default if omitted), 'auto', or 'never'

−−indicator−style=WORD/

append indicator with style WORD to entry names: none (default), slash (−p), file−type (−−file−type), classify (−F)

−i, −−inode

print the index number of each file

−I, −−ignore=PATTERN/

do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN

−k, −−kibibytes

default to 1024−byte blocks for disk usage; used only with −s and per directory totals

−l

use a long listing format

−L, −−dereference

when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself

−m

fill width with a comma separated list of entries

−n, −−numeric−uid−gid

like −l, but list numeric user and group IDs

−N, −−literal

print entry names without quoting

−o

like −l, but do not list group information

−p, −−indicator−style=slash/

append / indicator to directories

−q, −−hide−control−chars

print ? instead of nongraphic characters

−−show−control−chars

show nongraphic characters as−is (the default, unless program is 'ls' and output is a terminal)

−Q, −−quote−name

enclose entry names in double quotes

−−quoting−style=WORD/

use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell−always, shell−escape, shell−escape−always, c, escape (overrides QUOTING_STYLE environment variable)

−r, −−reverse

reverse order while sorting

−R, −−recursive

list subdirectories recursively

−s, −−size

print the allocated size of each file, in blocks

−S

sort by file size, largest first

−−sort=WORD/

sort by WORD instead of name: none (−U), size (−S), time (−t), version (−v), extension (−X)

−−time=WORD/

with −l, show time as WORD instead of default modification time: atime or access or use (−u); ctime or status (−c); also use specified time as sort key if −−sort=time/ (newest first)

−−time−style=TIME_STYLE/

time/date format with −l; see TIME_STYLE below

−t

sort by modification time, newest first

−T, −−tabsize=COLS/

assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8

−u

with −lt: sort by, and show, access time; with −l: show access time and sort by name; otherwise: sort by access time, newest first

−U

do not sort; list entries in directory order

−v

natural sort of (version) numbers within text

−w, −−width=COLS/

set output width to COLS. 0 means no limit

−x

list entries by lines instead of by columns

−X

sort alphabetically by entry extension

−Z, −−context

print any security context of each file

−1

list one file per line. Avoid '\n' with −q or −b

−−help

display this help and exit

−−version

output version information and exit

The SIZE argument is an integer and optional unit (example: 10K is 10*1024). Units are K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y (powers of 1024) or KB,MB,... (powers of 1000). Binary prefixes can be used, too: KiB=K, MiB=M, and so on.

The TIME_STYLE argument can be full−iso, long−iso, iso, locale, or +FORMAT. FORMAT is interpreted like in date(1). If FORMAT is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, then FORMAT1 applies to non−recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files. TIME_STYLE prefixed with 'posix−' takes effect only outside the POSIX locale. Also the TIME_STYLE environment variable sets the default style to use.

Using color to distinguish file types is disabled both by default and with −−color=never/. With −−color=auto/, ls emits color codes only when standard output is connected to a terminal. The LS_COLORS environment variable can change the settings. Use the dircolors command to set it.

Exit status:

0: if OK,
1: if minor problems (e.g., cannot access subdirectory),
2: if serious trouble (e.g., cannot access command−line argument).

AUTHOR

Written by Richard M. Stallman and David MacKenzie.

REPORTING BUGS

GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>

Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>

Name

Synopsis

DESCRIPTION

Exit status:

AUTHOR

REPORTING BUGS

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